LinesTwo sampled response curves on a shared time and value scale.
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Each preview opens the guide section with its runnable Python code. The plots are grouped by family; every family has its own guide.
About this gallery
These examples use core Inklet. Each image is generated from the code in its guide. For input choices and interpretation, see Select a mark.
Each card is a distinct visual choice. The guides also cover variations such as single-series bars, custom glyphs and a line with error magnitudes.
Added in 4.2.0: dot plots with a size key, survival curves with a number-at-risk table, forest plots, embedding scatters, split violins and significance brackets. The cohort figure combines them on one page.
To combine plot types on one page, see dense figure pages, which places thirteen panels at 183 mm, a rebuilt journal figure and panel layout. Dense data explains rendering choices for larger inputs.
77 examples
Lines and points
Ordered series, steps and scatter, with paired-value dumbbells, lollipops, labelled points, volcano plots and UMAP or t-SNE embedding scatters.
Lines and points guide
LinesTwo sampled response curves on a shared time and value scale.
StepsA held command compared with its simulated response.
Scatter and reference markersIndividual observations with a distinct glyph for reference samples.
DumbbellsTwo or more values per category joined by a connector.
LollipopsOne value per category as a dot on a stem from a baseline.
Labelled pointsMany point labels placed clear of marks, with leaders where needed.
Volcano plotsFold change against significance, with thresholds, class colours and the top hits named.
Embedding scattersSixteen thousand cells coloured and named by cluster, with UMAP corner arrows.
Slope chartValues at two positions joined, with spread end labels.
Bump chartRanks over time joined by smooth curves.
Stem plotStems from a baseline to each sample of a signal.
Parallel coordinatesAn axis per variable and a line per record.
Bars and areas
Grouped, stacked and horizontal bars with value labels, UpSet plots of set intersections, and areas between curves.
Bars and areas guide
Grouped barsGrouped bars compare several series within each category.
Stacked barsStacked bars show each contribution and the total at each category.
Horizontal barsHorizontal bars give category labels more room.
Filled areasFill the region between a curve and a stated baseline.
Between curvesFill a region between two supplied curves.
Stacked areasStacked areas accumulate nonnegative series over x.
Bar value labelsValues written inside bars and stacked segments, or past the bar end.
UpSet plotsSet-intersection sizes as bars over a membership matrix, with set sizes at the left.
100% stacked barsEach category's series as percentages of its total, stacked to 100 with percent labels.
WaterfallsSigned changes floating from a running total, with totals.
Bars with pointsMean bars, error bars and every observation in one call.
Diverging barsTwo quantities per category back to back, with dashed reference lines.
Population pyramidAge groups with one population to each side of zero.
Likert scaleDiverging stacked bars centred on the neutral response.
Mosaic plotColumns as wide as their totals, cells as tall as their shares.
Waffle chartShares of a whole as whole cells of a grid.
StreamgraphStacked areas around a moving baseline.
Bullet chartA measure against a target and grey qualitative ranges.
Distributions
Histograms, kernel densities, boxplots, letter-value plots, violins and split violins, swarms, strip and sina plots, QQ and PP plots, cumulative distributions, ridgelines, rainclouds, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and stacked significance brackets.
Distributions guide
HistogramsNinety-six durations in explicit half-second bins.
BoxplotsBoxplots show the median, quartiles and Tukey whiskers.
ViolinsViolins show a kernel-smoothed sample distribution.
SwarmsSwarms show every observation, including repeated values.
Cumulative distributionsEmpirical cumulative distributions drawn as step lines.
RidgelinesOverlapping kernel densities, one per category, on a shared x scale.
RaincloudsA half violin, a narrow box and every observation for each group.
Survival curvesKaplan–Meier curves with censor ticks, confidence bands and a number-at-risk table.
Split violinsTwo conditions per category as the halves of one violin, with quartile lines.
Significance bracketsFive pairwise comparisons stacked by span, with p-values as stars.
Histogram groups and outlinesSeveral groups on shared bins as translucent outlines, step outlines and cumulative fractions.
Kernel density curvesGaussian kernel densities for one or several groups, filled or as lines, with Scott or Silverman bandwidths.
Letter-value plotsBoxen plots: nested boxes at the quartiles, eighths and sixteenths for large samples.
Strip and sina plotsEvery observation with seeded jitter, alone or over boxes, or spread by the group's density.
QQ and PP plotsSample quantiles against the normal with a quartile reference line, and probability-probability plots.
Relationships
Hexbins, 2D histograms and density contours, density-coloured scatter, regression with confidence bands and residuals, Bland-Altman agreement, and pair and joint plots.
Relationships guide
Hexbin and 2D histogramsOverlapping points counted in hexagons or rectangles and coloured by count, with colour bars.
Density-coloured scatterEvery point coloured by local density, rasterised for 100,000 points, on log axes.
2D density contoursKernel density contours enclosing chosen shares of the probability, as lines or filled levels.
Regression and residualsLeast-squares lines with confidence bands, LOWESS smoothers and residual plots.
Bland-Altman plotsAgreement between two methods: bias, limits of agreement and their confidence intervals.
Pair plotsEvery pair of variables in one grid with shared axes, groups and distributions on the diagonal.
Joint plotsOne pair of variables with marginal histograms or densities on the same scales.
Uncertainty
Supplied bounds as bands and error bars, and forest plots of effect sizes with summary diamonds.
Uncertainty guide
BandsA band joins supplied lower and upper bounds over x.
Error barsError bars show distances from each estimate.
Compare series and boundsTwo named trajectories with supplied intervals and a shared scale.
Forest plotsOdds ratios by subgroup with weighted squares, summary diamonds and aligned text columns.
Matrices
Heatmaps and dot plots with colour and size keys, and dendrograms that order the rows.
Matrices guide
HeatmapsA colour key describes the same mapping as the matrix.
DendrogramsHierarchical clustering trees, alone or aligned with a heatmap's rows and columns.
Dot plotsCircles on a category grid: area for one value, colour for another, with a size key.
Clustered matricesA matrix reordered by clustering, with diagonal cluster boxes and a zoomed inset.
ClustermapsA clustered heatmap with row and column dendrograms, annotation strips and a colorbar.
CorrelogramsA correlation triangle of glyphs sized by |r| and coloured by r.
Polar
Angle and radius, from polar curves and roses to radar charts, pies, donuts and breakout bars.
Polar guide
Polar curvesShow a response as a function of angle.
Rose plotsA rose draws radial bars at supplied angles.
Radar chartsOne closed polygon per series over equally spaced category spokes.
Pie and donut chartsShares of a whole as sectors, with labels inside or outside.
Pie breakout barsSlices of a pie expanded into a stacked bar with connector lines.
Hierarchies and networks
Hierarchies and networks guide
Treemaps and sunburstsNested groups as tiled rectangles or rings, area or angle proportional to value.
Clustering levelsAn icicle of cluster splits across resolutions, with a highlighted lineage and level counts.
Weighted networksNodes sized by value and edges widened by weight, on a ring or a solved layout, with a width key.
Chord and arc diagramsFlows between groups as ribbons around a ring, or weighted arcs over a row of nodes.
Genomics
Genomics guide
Time
Time guide
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Beyond individual plot types
Use the plotting guide to combine marks, annotations and insets, and dense figure pages to place many plot types on one journal page. For geographic maps, linked views, calibrated images and mesh fields, see the experimental features. Browse the figure gallery for complete figures.